Graphs and diagrams represent data visually: (1) Histogram: bars for frequency distribution; (2) Bar chart: categorical data; (3) Pie chart: proportion/percentage; (4) Line graph: trends over time; (5) Scatter plot: two variables relationship; (6) Box plot: five-number summary. Constructing: Identify variable type. Choose appropriate chart. Label axes/legend clearly. Example: Sales data by month → line graph. Product types sold → pie chart. Temperature vs sales → scatter plot. Interpreting: Identify patterns (trends, clusters, outliers). Note skewness, distribution shape. Exam tip: Match chart type to data type. Understand when each visualization is appropriate. Practice: Create various graphs from same dataset.