Organizations affecting International Trade include multilateral institutions setting rules and facilitating cooperation. World Trade Organization (WTO): Replaced GATT 1995, administers trade agreements, resolves disputes, promotes liberalization, over 160 members. Functions: Negotiating agreements, Monitoring trade policies, Dispute settlement, Capacity building for developing countries. International Monetary Fund (IMF): Promotes monetary cooperation, facilitates trade, provides emergency financing for BOP crises, conditional on policy reforms. World Bank: Provides development financing, technical assistance, addresses poverty, supports infrastructure development. GATT (historical): Predecessor to WTO, had limited scope, no binding mechanisms. Regional organizations: ASEAN (Southeast Asia), SAARC (South Asia), EU (Europe)—facilitate intra-regional trade. Development banks: Asian Development Bank, African Development Bank—regional development financing. UNCTAD: UN body promoting development through trade. National bodies: Commerce ministries, export-import authorities (EXIM Bank in India). Bilateral channels: Trade agreements between pairs of countries. Indian context: WTO member with development country status, uses Doha Round provisions, EXIM Bank promotes exports, SAARC membership. ICAI focus: Role of major organizations, their impact on trade. Exam tip: WTO is multilateral rule-setter; IMF focuses on macro stability; World Bank on development; each has distinct role.